Xu Hướng Mối Quan Hệ Giữa Người với Người

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<html><body>R&#7889;i lo&#7841;n lo &acirc;u (Anxiety Disorder) l&agrave; m&#7897;t t&#7915; kho&aacute; kh&aacute; ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n hi&#7879;n nay, &#273;&#432;&#7907;c nhi&#7873;u ng&#432;&#7901;i n&oacute;i &#273;&#7871;n v&agrave; nghi ng&#7901; v&#7873; nh&#7919;ng tri&#7879;u ch&#7913;ng c&#7911;a b&#7843;n th&acirc;n v&#7873; b&#7879;nh n&agrave;y. Kh&ocirc;ng nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i &#7903; &#273;&#7897; tu&#7893;i trung ni&ecirc;n &#273;&atilde; &#273;i l&agrave;m m&agrave; ng&agrave;y c&agrave;ng nhi&#7873;u c&aacute;c b&#7841;n h&#7885;c sinh, sinh vi&ecirc;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c cho c&oacute; d&#7845;u hi&#7879;u c&#7911;a b&#7879;nh. R&#7889;i lo&#7841;n lo &acirc;u &#7843;nh c&oacute; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng l&#7899;n &#273;&#7871;n c&ocirc;ng vi&#7879;c, h&#7885;c t&#7853;p v&agrave; cu&#7897;c s&#7889;ng m&#7895;i ng&#432;&#7901;i. V&#7853;y ch&uacute;ng ta c&#7847;n hi&#7875;u r&otilde; ki&#7871;n th&#7913;c c&#259;n b&#7843;n v&#7873; c&#259;n b&#7879;nh t&acirc;m l&yacute; ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n n&agrave;y v&agrave; t&igrave;m cho m&igrave;nh &#273;&#432;&#7907;c m&#7897;t ph&#432;&#417;ng ph&aacute;p tri&#7879;u li&#7879;u th&iacute;ch h&#7907;p.R&#7889;i lo&#7841;n lo &acirc;u l&agrave; s&#7921; lo s&#7907; qu&aacute; m&#7913;c tr&#432;&#7899;c m&#7897;t t&igrave;nh hu&#7889;ng x&#7843;y ra, c&oacute; t&iacute;nh ch&#7845;t v&ocirc; l&yacute;, l&#7863;p l&#7841;i v&agrave; k&eacute;o d&agrave;i g&acirc;y &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng t&#7899;i s&#7921; th&iacute;ch nghi v&#7899;i cu&#7897;c s&#7889;ng. Trong r&#7889;i lo&#7841;n lo &acirc;u t&ocirc;i mu&#7889;n &#273;&#7873; c&#7853;p &#273;&#7871;n m&#7897;t lo&#7841;i ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n th&#432;&#7901;ng g&#7863;p: r&#7889;i lo&#7841;n lo &acirc;u lan to&#7843; (GAD &ndash; Generalized Anxiety Disorder)R&#7889;i lo&#7841;n lo &acirc;u lan to&#7843; (GAD) l&agrave; s&#7921; lo &acirc;u hay phi&#7873;n mu&#7897;n qu&aacute; m&#7913;c v&agrave; k&eacute;o d&agrave;i li&ecirc;n t&#7909;c, xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n c&agrave;ng nhi&#7873;u trong m&#7897;t kho&#7843;ng th&#7901;i gian &iacute;t nh&#7845;t 6 th&aacute;ng, ng&#432;&#7901;i b&#7879;nh s&#7869; m&#7845;t d&#7847;n &#273;i kh&#7843; n&#259;ng ki&#7875;m so&aacute;t h&agrave;nh vi c&#7911;a b&#7843;n th&acirc;n v&agrave; g&acirc;y &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng nghi&ecirc;m tr&#7885;ng &#273;&#7871;n s&#7913;c kho&#7867;.&nbsp;C&aacute;c d&#7845;u hi&#7879;u c&#7911;a GAD:<ul><li>C&aacute; nh&acirc;n th&#7845;y kh&oacute; c&oacute; th&#7875; ki&#7875;m so&aacute;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c n&#7895;i lo c&#7911;a m&igrave;nh</li><li>S&#7921; lo l&acirc;u th&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;i k&egrave;m v&#7899;i &iacute;t nh&#7845;t 3 trong s&#7889; c&aacute;c tri&#7879;u ch&#7913;ng sau:</li><li>Kh&oacute; t&#7853;p trung ho&#7863;c th&#7845;y &#273;&#7847;u &oacute;c tr&#7889;ng r&#7895;ng</li><li>C&#7843;m gi&aacute;c kh&oacute; ch&#7883;u</li><li>X&aacute;o tr&#7897;n gi&#7845;c ng&#7911;</li><li>Kh&ocirc;ng th&#7875; ngh&#7881; ng&#417;i ho&#7863;c c&#7843;m th&#7845;y n&#7863;ng tr&#297;u trong l&ograve;ng (c&#7843;m gi&aacute;c nh&#432; &#273;ang &#273;&#7913;ng b&ecirc;n b&#7901; v&#7921;c&nbsp; th&#7859;m)</li><li>D&#7877; b&#7883; m&#7879;t m&#7887;i</li><li>T&#259;ng tr&#432;&#417;ng l&#7921;c c&#417; (s&#7921; co c&#7913;ng v&agrave; c&#7913;ng c&#417; trong c&aacute;c t&agrave;i li&#7879;u n&oacute;i v&#7873; ch&#7845;n th&#432;&#417;ng c&#7911;a h&#7879; th&#7847;n kinh trung &#432;&#417;ng)</li></ul>N&#7895;i lo c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i b&#7883; GAD th&#432;&#7901;ng li&ecirc;n quan &#273;&#7871;n c&aacute;c v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; trong &#273;&#7901;i s&#7889;ng h&#7857;ng ng&agrave;y ho&#7863;c nh&#7919;ng v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; kh&ocirc;ng qu&aacute; nghi&ecirc;m tr&#7885;ng m&agrave; h&#7885; c&oacute; th&#7875; nh&#7853;n th&#7913;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c nh&#432;ng kh&oacute; c&oacute; th&#7875; ki&#7875;m so&aacute;t. Theo c&aacute;c s&#7889; li&#7879;u th&#7889;ng k&ecirc; ch&#7849;n &#273;o&aacute;n t&#7927; l&#7879; m&#7855;c b&#7879;nh c&#7911;a n&#7919; g&#7845;p 2 l&#7847;n nam, th&#432;&#7901;ng kh&#7903;i ph&aacute;t &#7903; l&#7913;a tu&#7893;i thanh thi&#7871;u ni&ecirc;n, v&agrave; c&oacute; xu h&#432;&#7899;ng m&atilde;n t&iacute;nh.M&#7897;t v&iacute; d&#7909; v&#7873; GAD m&agrave; t&ocirc;i mu&#7889;n chia s&#7867; v&#7899;i m&#7885;i ng&#432;&#7901;i, t&ocirc;i &#273;&atilde; l&agrave; m&#7897;t h&#7885;c sinh kh&aacute; ch&#259;m ch&#7881; tr&#432;&#7899;c nh&#7919;ng k&#7923; thi quan tr&#7885;ng &#7903; tr&#432;&#7901;ng, v&igrave; c&oacute; n&#7895;i lo s&#7907; n&ecirc;n t&ocirc;i &#273;&atilde; h&#7885;c ch&#259;m ch&#7881; &ocirc;n t&#7853;p &#273;&#7875; ch&#7855;c ch&#7855;n m&igrave;nh c&oacute; m&#7897;t m&#7913;c &#273;i&#7875;m an to&agrave;n, &#273;&#7911; &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#7895; k&#7923; thi d&ugrave; nh&#7887; hay l&#7899;n. T&ocirc;i lu&ocirc;n &#7903; trong n&#7895;i lo tr&#432;&#7899;c n&oacute;, s&#7907; nh&#7919;ng &#273;i&#7873;u kh&ocirc;ng hay s&#7869; x&#7843;y ra trong k&#7923; thi v&iacute; d&#7909; nh&#432; ng&agrave;y h&ocirc;m &#273;&oacute; t&ocirc;i s&#7869; b&#7883; k&#7865;t xe, d&#7853;y mu&#7897;n, b&#7883; ph&#7841;m quy b&#7903;i t&aacute;c &#273;&#7897;ng kh&aacute;c, hay v&ocirc; v&agrave;n nh&#7919;ng vi&#7877;n c&#7843;nh &#273;en &#273;&#7911;i t&ocirc;i ngh&#297; ra cho ng&agrave;y thi. M&#7863;c d&ugrave; v&#7851;n &yacute; th&#7913;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&oacute; kh&ocirc;ng th&#7875; x&#7843;y ra nh&#432;ng t&ocirc;i v&#7851;n ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c lo l&#7855;ng li&ecirc;n t&#7909;c &#273;&#7871;n khi ng&agrave;y thi k&#7871;t th&uacute;c. K&#7871;t qu&#7843; c&#7911;a c&acirc;u chuy&#7879;n l&agrave;, n&#7895;i lo tri&#7873;n mi&ecirc;n &#273;&oacute; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng &#273;&#7871;n qu&aacute; tr&igrave;nh &ocirc;n t&#7853;p, khi t&ocirc;i c&oacute; th&#7875; n&acirc;ng cao m&#7913;c &#273;i&#7875;m c&#7911;a m&igrave;nh th&igrave; t&ocirc;i l&#7841;i l&atilde;ng ph&iacute; m&#7897;t kho&#7843;ng th&#7901;i gian cho n&#7895;i lo s&#7907; phi&#7873;n mu&#7897;n xen v&agrave;o khi&#7871;n k&#7871;t qu&#7843; b&agrave;i thi kh&ocirc;ng &#273;&#7841;t m&#7913;c cao h&#417;n.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Nguy&ecirc;n Nh&acirc;n c&#7911;a R&#7889;i lo&#7841;n lo &acirc;u lan to&#7843;Lo &acirc;u m&atilde;n t&iacute;nh xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n c&ugrave;ng v&#7899;i s&#7921; ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng qu&aacute; m&#7913;c c&#7911;a n&atilde;o. &ldquo;H&#7879; th&#7889;ng &#7913;c ch&#7871; h&agrave;nh vi&rdquo; ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng theo c&#417; ch&#7871;: nh&#7853;n th&ocirc;ng tin c&#7911;a m&ocirc;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng t&#7915; ph&#7847;n c&#7843;m gi&aacute;c tr&ecirc;n v&#7887; n&atilde;o, ki&#7875;m tra th&ocirc;ng tin d&#7921;a tr&ecirc;n s&#7921; so s&aacute;nh thay &#273;&#7893;i s&#7855;p di&#7877;n ra theo d&#7921; &#273;o&aacute;n. Khi kh&ocirc;ng th&#7845;y t&#432;&#417;ng &#7913;ng, h&#7879; th&#7889;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c k&iacute;ch ho&#7841;t l&agrave;m cho con ng&#432;&#7901;i tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m tr&#7841;ng th&aacute;i lo l&#7855;ng. H&#7879; th&#7889;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c n&#7889;i b&#7903;i norepinephire v&agrave; serotonin, n&#7891;ng &#273;&#7897; c&#7911;a c&aacute;c ch&#7845;t d&#7851;n truy&#7873;n th&#7847;n kinh.D&#432;&#7899;i g&oacute;c &#273;&#7897; ph&acirc;n t&acirc;m h&#7885;c, Freud &#273;&atilde; ph&acirc;n bi&#7879;t 2 tuy&#7871;n d&#7851;n t&#7899;i lo &acirc;u &#7903; ng&#432;&#7901;i tr&#432;&#7903;ng th&agrave;nh, 2 tuy&#7871;n n&agrave;y &#273;&#7873;u b&#7855;t ngu&#7891;n t&#7915; th&#7901;i ni&ecirc;n thi&#7871;u: &ldquo;b&#7883; ph&#7841;t qu&aacute; kh&aacute;c nghi&#7879;t&rdquo; v&agrave; &ldquo;&#273;&#432;&#7907;c bao b&#7885;c qu&aacute; m&#7913;c&rdquo;. Hai lo &acirc;u &ldquo;t&acirc;m c&#259;n&rdquo; v&agrave; &ldquo;&#273;&#7841;o &#273;&#7913;c&rdquo; xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n khi &#273;&#7913;a tr&#7867; b&#7883; ng&#259;n c&#7843;n ho&#7863;c b&#7883; ph&#7841;t nhi&#7873;u l&#7847;n, v&igrave; th&#7871; sinh ra nh&#7919;ng xung &#273;&#7897;ng &#7903; c&aacute;i n&oacute; (id). Y&#7871;u t&#7889; x&atilde; h&#7897;i c&oacute; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng &#273;&#7871;n s&#7921; kh&#7903;i ph&aacute;t c&#7911;a GAD, th&#432;&#7901;ng t&#259;ng cao &#7903; nh&oacute;m ng&#432;&#7901;i c&oacute; v&#7883; th&#7871; kinh t&#7871; th&#7845;p, ho&#7863;c nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i ch&#7883;u &aacute;p l&#7921;c k&eacute;o d&agrave;i t&#7915; c&ocirc;ng vi&#7879;c v&agrave; quan ni&#7879;m x&atilde; h&#7897;i h&agrave; kh&#7855;c.<figure class="image"><img src="/upload/files/reason.jpg"></figure>GAD xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n khi c&aacute; nh&acirc;n kh&ocirc;ng ch&#7845;p nh&#7853;n m&igrave;nh nh&#432; m&igrave;nh v&#7889;n c&oacute;, d&oacute; &#273;&oacute; h&#7885; tr&#7843;i qua tr&#7841;ng th&aacute;i lo &acirc;u cao &#273;&#7897; v&agrave; kh&ocirc;ng th&#7875; khai th&aacute;c h&#7871;t c&aacute;c kh&#7843; n&#259;ng ti&#7873;m t&agrave;ng. Theo Roger (1967) s&#7921; ph&#7911; nh&#7853;n b&#7843;n th&acirc;n b&#7855;t ngu&#7891;n t&#7915; s&#7921; tr&#7915;ng ph&#7841;t qu&aacute; m&#7913;c &#7903; th&#7901;i ni&ecirc;n thi&#7871;u. H&#7885; s&#7869; cho r&#7857;ng &#273;&oacute; l&agrave; nh&#7919;ng quy t&#7855;c x&atilde; h&#7897;i v&agrave; n&#7871;u kh&ocirc;ng l&agrave;m theo nh&#432; v&#7853;y s&#7869; kh&ocirc;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#7915;a nh&#7853;n v&agrave; t&ocirc;n tr&#7885;ng. Ph&#7847;n n&agrave;y li&ecirc;n quan &#273;&#7871;n nh&#7919;ng n&#7897;i dung v&#7873; &ldquo;c&aacute;i t&ocirc;i&rdquo; trong tr&#432;&#7901;ng ph&aacute;i t&acirc;m l&yacute; h&#7885;c kh&aacute;c.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; Ph&#432;&#417;ng ph&aacute;p tr&#7883; li&#7879;u r&#7889;i lo&#7841;n lo &acirc;u lan to&#7843; (GAD)V&#7899;i GAD,&nbsp; c&oacute; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c tr&#7883; li&#7879;u b&#7857;ng d&#432;&#7907;c l&yacute; v&agrave; t&acirc;m l&yacute;, tuy nhi&ecirc;n d&ugrave; l&agrave; ph&#432;&#417;ng ph&aacute;p tr&#7883; li&#7879;u n&agrave;o c&#361;ng c&#7847;n s&#7921; n&#7895; l&#7921;c t&#7915; c&aacute; nh&acirc;n. &#272;&#7863;c &#273;i&#7875;m c&#7911;a GAD l&agrave; n&#7895;i lo dai d&#7859;ng v&agrave; kh&ocirc;ng th&#7875; ki&#7875;m so&aacute;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c khi&#7871;n nh&#7919;ng ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng &#273;&#7901;i s&#7889;ng gi&aacute;n &#273;o&#7841;n v&agrave; k&eacute;m hi&#7879;u qu&#7843;. V&igrave; v&#7853;y t&ocirc;i mu&#7889;n gi&#7899;i thi&#7879;u &#273;&#7871;n c&aacute;c b&#7841;n nh&#7919;ng c&aacute;ch &#273;&#7875; gi&#7843;m b&#7899;t n&#7895;i lo s&#7907; kh&ocirc;ng &#273;&aacute;ng c&oacute; n&agrave;y.<ul><li>C&#7889; g&#7855;ng nh&#7853;n th&#7913;c m&#7889;i lo, &#273;&#7883;nh h&igrave;nh t&iacute;nh th&#7921;c t&#7871; c&#7911;a ch&uacute;ng. N&#7871;u kh&oacute; &#273;&#7875; s&#7855;p x&#7871;p suy ngh&#297; &#273;ang r&#7889;i l&ecirc;n trong b&#7841;n, b&#7841;n h&atilde;y vi&#7871;t ra nh&#7919;ng suy ngh&#297; mi&ecirc;n man &#273;&oacute; ra.</li><li>Sau &#273;&oacute; th&#432; gi&atilde;n b&#7857;ng c&aacute;ch &#273;&#7871;m h&#417;i th&#7903; c&#7911;a m&igrave;nh. M&#7897;t l&#7901;i khuy&ecirc;n thi&#7871;t th&#7921;c cho nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i m&#7855;c GAD l&agrave; n&ecirc;n t&#7853;p Thi&#7873;n, &#273;&acirc;y l&agrave; m&#7897;t ph&#432;&#417;ng ph&aacute;p tri&#7879;u li&#7879;u t&acirc;m l&yacute; r&#7845;t hi&#7879;u qu&#7843;.</li><li>&#272;&#7889;i m&#7863;t v&#7899;i lo &acirc;u. Trong b&#7845;t c&#7913; m&#7897;t t&agrave;i li&#7879;u tham kh&#7843;o hay nh&#7919;ng b&agrave;i blog t&ocirc;i &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#7885;c, m&#7895;i khi g&#7863;p n&#7895;i lo &acirc;u b&#7841;n kh&ocirc;ng n&ecirc;n n&eacute; tr&aacute;nh v&agrave; qu&ecirc;n &#273;i v&igrave; nh&#432; th&#7871; s&#7869; l&agrave;m n&#7895;i lo th&ecirc;m dai d&#7859;ng. Ch&uacute;ng ta n&ecirc;n &#273;&oacute;n nh&#7853;n, ti&#7871;p c&#7853;n v&agrave; xoa d&#7883;u ch&uacute;ng, nh&igrave;n th&#7859;ng v&agrave;o ch&uacute;ng nh&#432; n&oacute; &#273;ang t&#7891;n t&#7841;i.</li><li>H&atilde;y x&acirc;y d&#7921;ng cho m&igrave;nh m&#7897;t l&#7889;i s&#7889;ng sinh ho&#7841;t l&agrave;nh m&#7841;nh, m&#7897;t th&#7871; gi&#7899;i quan m&#7899;i m&#7867; b&#7857;ng lo&#7841;i b&#7887; &#273;i nh&#7919;ng quan &#273;i&#7875;m khi&#7871;n b&#7841;n phi&#7873;n n&atilde;o. Khi c&#417; th&#7875; b&#7841;n kho&#7867; m&#7841;nh, t&acirc;m tr&iacute; c&#361;ng s&#7869; tr&#7903; n&ecirc;n &#7893;n &#273;&#7883;nh h&#417;n v&agrave; ng&#432;&#7907;c l&#7841;i.</li></ul><figure class="image"><img src="/upload/files/solution(1).jpg"></figure>Th&#7921;c t&#7871;, nh&#7919;ng &#273;i&#7873;u khi&#7871;n cho n&#7895;i lo l&#7855;ng ph&aacute;t tri&#7875;n l&agrave; t&#7915; t&#432; t&#432;&#7903;ng v&agrave; quan &#273;i&#7875;m sai l&#7879;ch c&aacute; nh&acirc;n ch&#7913; kh&ocirc;ng ho&agrave;n to&agrave;n do ho&agrave;n c&#7843;nh t&#7891;i t&#7879; m&agrave; b&#7841;n ph&#7843;i &#273;&#7889;i di&#7879;n. M&#7895;i ch&uacute;ng ta c&#361;ng c&oacute; th&#7875; l&agrave;m m&#7897;t chuy&ecirc;n gia cho ch&iacute;nh m&igrave;nh, h&atilde;y h&#7885;c h&#7887;i l&agrave; c&#7889; g&#7855;ng t&igrave;m ra con &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng c&#7843;i thi&#7879;n b&#7843;n th&acirc;n t&#7889;t &#273;&#7865;p h&#417;n.(B&agrave;i vi&#7871;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c tham kh&#7843;o t&#7915; &ldquo;Abnormal and Clinical Psychology an introductory textbook&rdquo; - Paul Bennett&rdquo;)T&ecirc;n t&aacute;c gi&#7843;: Ph&#7841;m T&#432;&#7901;ng Vi- Follow Facebook PsychoHub &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#7885;c c&aacute;c b&agrave;i kh&aacute;c- Khi chia s&#7867;, c&#7847;n ph&#7843;i tr&iacute;ch "Ngu&#7891;n: PsychoHub - Youth+"</body></html>

Tường Vi Phạm

Rối loạn lo âu (Anxiety Disorder) là một từ khoá khá phổ biến hiện nay, được nhiều người nói đến và nghi ngờ về những triệu chứng của bản thân 

Rối Loạn Lo Âu Lan Toả Là Gì ? Cách để vượt qua những nỗi lo âu không đáng có.